- The solver for the ODE. Only *Euler*. No other options.
-`<stepsize>0.001</stepsize>`:
- The time step for the solver. This should be choosed with care. For force-based model it is recommended to take a value between $$ 10^{-2} $$ and $$10^{-3}$$ s.
- The time step for the solver. This should be choosed with care. For force-based model it is recommended to take a value between $$ `10^{-2} `$$ and $$`10^{-3}`$$ s.
For first-order models, a value of 0.05 s should be OK.
A larger time step leads to faster simulations, however it is too risky and can lead to
numerical instability, collisions and overlapping among pedestrians.
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@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ numerical instability, collisions and overlapping among pedestrians.
- This option is only implemented in *Tordeux2015* and is very geometry-specific (only for corridors) with predefined settings. See Utest/Validation/1test_1D/ for a use case.
- Positive values in $$[1, 9]$$. See [Direction strategies](2016-11-02-direction.html) for the definition of the strategies.
- Positive values in $$`[1, 9]`$$. See [Direction strategies](2016-11-02-direction.html) for the definition of the strategies.
-`<linkedcells enabled="true" cell_size="2"/>`
- Defines the size of the cells. This is important to get the neighbors of a pedestrians, which
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@@ -84,19 +84,19 @@ The parameters that can be specified in this section are Gauss distributed (defa
- Unit: m/s
#### Shape of pedestrians
Pedestrians are modeled as ellipses with two semi-axes: $$a$$ and $$b$$, where
Pedestrians are modeled as ellipses with two semi-axes: $$`a`$$ and $$`b`$$, where
$$
$$`
a= a_{min} + a_{\tau}v,
$$
`$$
and
$$
$$`
b = b_{max} - (b_{max}-b_{min})\frac{v}{v^0}.
$$
`$$
$$v$$ is the peed of a pedestrian.
$$`v`$$ is the peed of a pedestrian.
-`<bmax mu="0.15" sigma="0.0" />`
- Maximal length of the shoulder semi-axis
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@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ $$v$$ is the peed of a pedestrian.
- Minimal length of the shoulder semi-axis
- Unit: m
-`<amin mu="0.15" sigma="0.0" />`
- Minimal length of the movement semi-axis. This is the case when $$v=0$$.
- Minimal length of the movement semi-axis. This is the case when $$`v=0`$$.
- Unit: m
-`<atau mu="0." sigma="0.0" />`
- (Linear) speed-dependency of the movement semi-axis
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@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ $$v$$ is the peed of a pedestrian.
Other parameters in this section are:
-`<tau mu="0.5" sigma="0.0" />`
- Reaction time. This constant is used in the driving force of the force-based forces. Small $$\rightarrow$$ instantaneous acceleration.
- Reaction time. This constant is used in the driving force of the force-based forces. Small $$`\rightarrow`$$ instantaneous acceleration.
- Unit: s
-`<T mu="1" sigma="0.0" />`
- Specific parameter for model 3 (Tordeux2015). Defines the slope of the speed function.
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@@ -151,10 +151,10 @@ Usage:
Besides the options defined in [Mode_parameters](#model_parameters) the following options are necessary for this model:
-`<force_ped a="5" D="0.2"/>`
- The influence of other pedestrians is triggered by $$a$$ and $$D$$ where $$a$$ is the strength if the interaction and $$D$$ gives its range. The naming may be misleading, since the model is **not** force-based, but velocity-based.
- The influence of other pedestrians is triggered by $$`a`$$ and $$`D`$$ where $$`a`$$ is the strength if the interaction and $$`D`$$ gives its range. The naming may be misleading, since the model is **not** force-based, but velocity-based.
- Unit: m
-`<force_wall a="5" D="0.02"/>`:
- The influence of walls is triggered by $$a$$ and $$D$$ where $$a$$ is the strength if the interaction and $$D$$ gives its range. A larger value of $$D$$ may lead to blockades, especially when passing narrow bottlenecks.
- The influence of walls is triggered by $$`a`$$ and $$`D`$$ where $$`a`$$ is the strength if the interaction and $$`D`$$ gives its range. A larger value of $$`D`$$ may lead to blockades, especially when passing narrow bottlenecks.
- Unit: m
The names of the aforementioned parameters might be misleading, since the model is *not* force-based. The naming will be changed in the future.
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@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ Valid exit strategies are {6, 8, 9}. Please see details below.
### Generalized Centrifugal Force Model with lateral swaying
The [Generalized Centrifugal Force Model with lateral swaying][#Krausz] is mostly identical to the GCFM Model,
but instead of a variable semi-axis $$b$$ of the ellipse simulating the pedestrian, pedestrians perform an oscillation perpendicular to their direction of motion.
but instead of a variable semi-axis $$`b`$$ of the ellipse simulating the pedestrian, pedestrians perform an oscillation perpendicular to their direction of motion.
As a consequence the parameter `Bmax` is ignored.
Usage:
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@@ -276,10 +276,10 @@ Four Parameters can be passed to control the lateral swaying, for example:
